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"""Locale support module. The module provides low-level access to the C lib's locale APIs and adds high level number formatting APIs as well as a locale aliasing engine to complement these. The aliasing engine includes support for many commonly used locale names and maps them to values suitable for passing to the C lib's setlocale() function. It also includes default encodings for all supported locale names. """ import sys import encodings import encodings.aliases import _collections_abc from builtins import str as _builtin_str import functools # Try importing the _locale module. # # If this fails, fall back on a basic 'C' locale emulation. # Yuck: LC_MESSAGES is non-standard: can't tell whether it exists before # trying the import. So __all__ is also fiddled at the end of the file. __all__ = ["getlocale", "getdefaultlocale", "getpreferredencoding", "Error", "setlocale", "localeconv", "strcoll", "strxfrm", "str", "atof", "atoi", "format_string", "currency", "normalize", "LC_CTYPE", "LC_COLLATE", "LC_TIME", "LC_MONETARY", "LC_NUMERIC", "LC_ALL", "CHAR_MAX", "getencoding"] def _strcoll(a,b): """ strcoll(string,string) -> int. Compares two strings according to the locale. """ return (a > b) - (a < b) def _strxfrm(s): """ strxfrm(string) -> string. Returns a string that behaves for cmp locale-aware. """ return s try: from _locale import * except ImportError: # Locale emulation CHAR_MAX = 127 LC_ALL = 6 LC_COLLATE = 3 LC_CTYPE = 0 LC_MESSAGES = 5 LC_MONETARY = 4 LC_NUMERIC = 1 LC_TIME = 2 Error = ValueError def localeconv(): """ localeconv() -> dict. Returns numeric and monetary locale-specific parameters. """ # 'C' locale default values return {'grouping': [127], 'currency_symbol': '', 'n_sign_posn': 127, 'p_cs_precedes': 127, 'n_cs_precedes': 127, 'mon_grouping': [], 'n_sep_by_space': 127, 'decimal_point': '.', 'negative_sign': '', 'positive_sign': '', 'p_sep_by_space': 127, 'int_curr_symbol': '', 'p_sign_posn': 127, 'thousands_sep': '', 'mon_thousands_sep': '', 'frac_digits': 127, 'mon_decimal_point': '', 'int_frac_digits': 127} def setlocale(category, value=None): """ setlocale(integer,string=None) -> string. Activates/queries locale processing. """ if value not in (None, '', 'C'): raise Error('_locale emulation only supports "C" locale') return 'C' # These may or may not exist in _locale, so be sure to set them. if 'strxfrm' not in globals(): strxfrm = _strxfrm if 'strcoll' not in globals(): strcoll = _strcoll _localeconv = localeconv # With this dict, you can override some items of localeconv's return value. # This is useful for testing purposes. _override_localeconv = {} @functools.wraps(_localeconv) def localeconv(): d = _localeconv() if _override_localeconv: d.update(_override_localeconv) return d ### Number formatting APIs # Author: Martin von Loewis # improved by Georg Brandl # Iterate over grouping intervals def _grouping_intervals(grouping): last_interval = None for interval in grouping: # if grouping is -1, we are done if interval == CHAR_MAX: return # 0: re-use last group ad infinitum if interval == 0: if last_interval is None: raise ValueError("invalid grouping") while True: yield last_interval yield interval last_interval = interval #perform the grouping from right to left def _group(s, monetary=False): conv = localeconv() thousands_sep = conv[monetary and 'mon_thousands_sep' or 'thousands_sep'] grouping = conv[monetary and 'mon_grouping' or 'grouping'] if not grouping: return (s, 0) if s[-1] == ' ': stripped = s.rstrip() right_spaces = s[len(stripped):] s = stripped else: right_spaces = '' left_spaces = '' groups = [] for interval in _grouping_intervals(grouping): if not s or s[-1] not in "0123456789": # only non-digit characters remain (sign, spaces) left_spaces = s s = '' break groups.append(s[-interval:]) s = s[:-interval] if s: groups.append(s) groups.reverse() return ( left_spaces + thousands_sep.join(groups) + right_spaces, len(thousands_sep) * (len(groups) - 1) ) # Strip a given amount of excess padding from the given string def _strip_padding(s, amount): lpos = 0 while amount and s[lpos] == ' ': lpos += 1 amount -= 1 rpos = len(s) - 1 while amount and s[rpos] == ' ': rpos -= 1 amount -= 1 return s[lpos:rpos+1] _percent_re = None def _format(percent, value, grouping=False, monetary=False, *additional): if additional: formatted = percent % ((value,) + additional) else: formatted = percent % value if percent[-1] in 'eEfFgGdiu': formatted = _localize(formatted, grouping, monetary) return formatted # Transform formatted as locale number according to the locale settings def _localize(formatted, grouping=False, monetary=False): # floats and decimal ints need special action! if '.' in formatted: seps = 0 parts = formatted.split('.') if grouping: parts[0], seps = _group(parts[0], monetary=monetary) decimal_point = localeconv()[monetary and 'mon_decimal_point' or 'decimal_point'] formatted = decimal_point.join(parts) if seps: formatted = _strip_padding(formatted, seps) else: seps = 0 if grouping: formatted, seps = _group(formatted, monetary=monetary) if seps: formatted = _strip_padding(formatted, seps) return formatted def format_string(f, val, grouping=False, monetary=False): """Formats a string in the same way that the % formatting would use, but takes the current locale into account. Grouping is applied if the third parameter is true. Conversion uses monetary thousands separator and grouping strings if forth parameter monetary is true.""" global _percent_re if _percent_re is None: import re _percent_re = re.compile(r'%(?:\((?P<key>.*?)\))?(?P<modifiers' r'>[-#0-9 +*.hlL]*?)[eEfFgGdiouxXcrs%]') percents = list(_percent_re.finditer(f)) new_f = _percent_re.sub('%s', f) if isinstance(val, _collections_abc.Mapping): new_val = [] for perc in percents: if perc.group()[-1]=='%': new_val.append('%') else: new_val.append(_format(perc.group(), val, grouping, monetary)) else: if not isinstance(val, tuple): val = (val,) new_val = [] i = 0 for perc in percents: if perc.group()[-1]=='%': new_val.append('%') else: starcount = perc.group('modifiers').count('*') new_val.append(_format(perc.group(), val[i], grouping, monetary, *val[i+1:i+1+starcount])) i += (1 + starcount) val = tuple(new_val) return new_f % val def currency(val, symbol=True, grouping=False, international=False): """Formats val according to the currency settings in the current locale.""" conv = localeconv() # check for illegal values digits = conv[international and 'int_frac_digits' or 'frac_digits'] if digits == 127: raise ValueError("Currency formatting is not possible using " "the 'C' locale.") s = _localize(f'{abs(val):.{digits}f}', grouping, monetary=True) # '<' and '>' are markers if the sign must be inserted between symbol and value s = '<' + s + '>' if symbol: smb = conv[international and 'int_curr_symbol' or 'currency_symbol'] precedes = conv[val<0 and 'n_cs_precedes' or 'p_cs_precedes'] separated = conv[val<0 and 'n_sep_by_space' or 'p_sep_by_space'] if precedes: s = smb + (separated and ' ' or '') + s else: if international and smb[-1] == ' ': smb = smb[:-1] s = s + (separated and ' ' or '') + smb sign_pos = conv[val<0 and 'n_sign_posn' or 'p_sign_posn'] sign = conv[val<0 and 'negative_sign' or 'positive_sign'] if sign_pos == 0: s = '(' + s + ')' elif sign_pos == 1: s = sign + s elif sign_pos == 2: s = s + sign elif sign_pos == 3: s = s.replace('<', sign) elif sign_pos == 4: s = s.replace('>', sign) else: # the default if nothing specified; # this should be the most fitting sign position s = sign + s return s.replace('<', '').replace('>', '') def str(val): """Convert float to string, taking the locale into account.""" return _format("%.12g", val) def delocalize(string): "Parses a string as a normalized number according to the locale settings." conv = localeconv() #First, get rid of the grouping ts = conv['thousands_sep'] if ts: string = string.replace(ts, '') #next, replace the decimal point with a dot dd = conv['decimal_point'] if dd: string = string.replace(dd, '.') return string def localize(string, grouping=False, monetary=False): """Parses a string as locale number according to the locale settings.""" return _localize(string, grouping, monetary) def atof(string, func=float): "Parses a string as a float according to the locale settings." return func(delocalize(string)) def atoi(string): "Converts a string to an integer according to the locale settings." return int(delocalize(string)) def _test(): setlocale(LC_ALL, "") #do grouping s1 = format_string("%d", 123456789,1) print(s1, "is", atoi(s1)) #standard formatting s1 = str(3.14) print(s1, "is", atof(s1)) ### Locale name aliasing engine # Author: Marc-Andre Lemburg, mal@lemburg.com # Various tweaks by Fredrik Lundh <fredrik@pythonware.com> # store away the low-level version of setlocale (it's # overridden below) _setlocale = setlocale def _replace_encoding(code, encoding): if '.' in code: langname = code[:code.index('.')] else: langname = code # Convert the encoding to a C lib compatible encoding string norm_encoding = encodings.normalize_encoding(encoding) #print('norm encoding: %r' % norm_encoding) norm_encoding = encodings.aliases.aliases.get(norm_encoding.lower(), norm_encoding) #print('aliased encoding: %r' % norm_encoding) encoding = norm_encoding norm_encoding = norm_encoding.lower() if norm_encoding in locale_encoding_alias: encoding = locale_encoding_alias[norm_encoding] else: norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('_', '') norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('-', '') if norm_encoding in locale_encoding_alias: encoding = locale_encoding_alias[norm_encoding] #print('found encoding %r' % encoding) return langname + '.' + encoding def _append_modifier(code, modifier): if modifier == 'euro': if '.' not in code: return code + '.ISO8859-15' _, _, encoding = code.partition('.') if encoding in ('ISO8859-15', 'UTF-8'): return code if encoding == 'ISO8859-1': return _replace_encoding(code, 'ISO8859-15') return code + '@' + modifier def normalize(localename): """ Returns a normalized locale code for the given locale name. The returned locale code is formatted for use with setlocale(). If normalization fails, the original name is returned unchanged. If the given encoding is not known, the function defaults to the default encoding for the locale code just like setlocale() does. """ # Normalize the locale name and extract the encoding and modifier code = localename.lower() if ':' in code: # ':' is sometimes used as encoding delimiter. code = code.replace(':', '.') if '@' in code: code, modifier = code.split('@', 1) else: modifier = '' if '.' in code: langname, encoding = code.split('.')[:2] else: langname = code encoding = '' # First lookup: fullname (possibly with encoding and modifier) lang_enc = langname if encoding: norm_encoding = encoding.replace('-', '') norm_encoding = norm_encoding.replace('_', '') lang_enc += '.' + norm_encoding lookup_name = lang_enc if modifier: lookup_name += '@' + modifier code = locale_alias.get(lookup_name, None) if code is not None: return code #print('first lookup failed') if modifier: # Second try: fullname without modifier (possibly with encoding) code = locale_alias.get(lang_enc, None) if code is not None: #print('lookup without modifier succeeded') if '@' not in code: return _append_modifier(code, modifier) if code.split('@', 1)[1].lower() == modifier: return code #print('second lookup failed') if encoding: # Third try: langname (without encoding, possibly with modifier) lookup_name = langname if modifier: lookup_name += '@' + modifier code = locale_alias.get(lookup_name, None) if code is not None: #print('lookup without encoding succeeded') if '@' not in code: return _replace_encoding(code, encoding) code, modifier = code.split('@', 1) return _replace_encoding(code, encoding) + '@' + modifier if modifier: # Fourth try: langname (without encoding and modifier) code = locale_alias.get(langname, None) if code is not None: #print('lookup without modifier and encoding succeeded') if '@' not in code: code = _replace_encoding(code, encoding) return _append_modifier(code, modifier) code, defmod = code.split('@', 1) if defmod.lower() == modifier: return _replace_encoding(code, encoding) + '@' + defmod return localename def _parse_localename(localename): """ Parses the locale code for localename and returns the result as tuple (language code, encoding). The localename is normalized and passed through the locale alias engine. A ValueError is raised in case the locale name cannot be parsed. The language code corresponds to RFC 1766. code and encoding can be None in case the values cannot be determined or are unknown to this implementation. """ code = normalize(localename) if '@' in code: # Deal with locale modifiers code, modifier = code.split('@', 1) if modifier == 'euro' and '.' not in code: # Assume Latin-9 for @euro locales. This is bogus, # since some systems may use other encodings for these # locales. Also, we ignore other modifiers. return code, 'iso-8859-15' if '.' in code: return tuple(code.split('.')[:2]) elif code == 'C': return None, None elif code == 'UTF-8': # On macOS "LC_CTYPE=UTF-8" is a valid locale setting # for getting UTF-8 handling for text. return None, 'UTF-8' raise ValueError('unknown locale: %s' % localename) def _build_localename(localetuple): """ Builds a locale code from the given tuple (language code, encoding). No aliasing or normalizing takes place. """ try: language, encoding = localetuple if language is None: language = 'C' if encoding is None: return language else: return language + '.' + encoding except (TypeError, ValueError): raise TypeError('Locale must be None, a string, or an iterable of ' 'two strings -- language code, encoding.') from None def getdefaultlocale(envvars=('LC_ALL', 'LC_CTYPE', 'LANG', 'LANGUAGE')): """ Tries to determine the default locale settings and returns them as tuple (language code, encoding). According to POSIX, a program which has not called setlocale(LC_ALL, "") runs using the portable 'C' locale. Calling setlocale(LC_ALL, "") lets it use the default locale as defined by the LANG variable. Since we don't want to interfere with the current locale setting we thus emulate the behavior in the way described above. To maintain compatibility with other platforms, not only the LANG variable is tested, but a list of variables given as envvars parameter. The first found to be defined will be used. envvars defaults to the search path used in GNU gettext; it must always contain the variable name 'LANG'. Except for the code 'C', the language code corresponds to RFC 1766. code and encoding can be None in case the values cannot be determined. """ import warnings warnings._deprecated( "locale.getdefaultlocale", "{name!r} is deprecated and slated for removal in Python {remove}. " "Use setlocale(), getencoding() and getlocale() instead.", remove=(3, 15)) return _getdefaultlocale(envvars) def _getdefaultlocale(envvars=('LC_ALL', 'LC_CTYPE', 'LANG', 'LANGUAGE')): try: # check if it's supported by the _locale module import _locale code, encoding = _locale._getdefaultlocale() except (ImportError, AttributeError): pass else: # make sure the code/encoding values are valid if sys.platform == "win32" and code and code[:2] == "0x": # map windows language identifier to language name code = windows_locale.get(int(code, 0)) # ...add other platform-specific processing here, if # necessary... return code, encoding # fall back on POSIX behaviour import os lookup = os.environ.get for variable in envvars: localename = lookup(variable,None) if localename: if variable == 'LANGUAGE': localename = localename.split(':')[0] break else: localename = 'C' return _parse_localename(localename) def getlocale(category=LC_CTYPE): """ Returns the current setting for the given locale category as tuple (language code, encoding). category may be one of the LC_* value except LC_ALL. It defaults to LC_CTYPE. Except for the code 'C', the language code corresponds to RFC 1766. code and encoding can be None in case the values cannot be determined. """ localename = _setlocale(category) if category == LC_ALL and ';' in localename: raise TypeError('category LC_ALL is not supported') return _parse_localename(localename) def setlocale(category, locale=None): """ Set the locale for the given category. The locale can be a string, an iterable of two strings (language code and encoding), or None. Iterables are converted to strings using the locale aliasing engine. Locale strings are passed directly to the C lib. category may be given as one of the LC_* values. """ if locale and not isinstance(locale, _builtin_str): # convert to string locale = normalize(_build_localename(locale)) return _setlocale(category, locale) try: from _locale import getencoding except ImportError: # When _locale.getencoding() is missing, locale.getencoding() uses the # Python filesystem encoding. def getencoding(): return sys.getfilesystemencoding() try: CODESET except NameError: def getpreferredencoding(do_setlocale=True): """Return the charset that the user is likely using.""" if sys.flags.warn_default_encoding: import warnings warnings.warn( "UTF-8 Mode affects locale.getpreferredencoding(). Consider locale.getencoding() instead.", EncodingWarning, 2) if sys.flags.utf8_mode: return 'utf-8' return getencoding() else: # On Unix, if CODESET is available, use that. def getpreferredencoding(do_setlocale=True): """Return the charset that the user is likely using, according to the system configuration.""" if sys.flags.warn_default_encoding: import warnings warnings.warn( "UTF-8 Mode affects locale.getpreferredencoding(). Consider locale.getencoding() instead.", EncodingWarning, 2) if sys.flags.utf8_mode: return 'utf-8' if not do_setlocale: return getencoding() old_loc = setlocale(LC_CTYPE) try: try: setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") except Error: pass return getencoding() finally: setlocale(LC_CTYPE, old_loc) ### Database # # The following data was extracted from the locale.alias file which # comes with X11 and then hand edited removing the explicit encoding # definitions and adding some more aliases. The file is usually # available as /usr/lib/X11/locale/locale.alias. # # # The local_encoding_alias table maps lowercase encoding alias names # to C locale encoding names (case-sensitive). Note that normalize() # first looks up the encoding in the encodings.aliases dictionary and # then applies this mapping to find the correct C lib name for the # encoding. # locale_encoding_alias = { # Mappings for non-standard encoding names used in locale names '437': 'C', 'c': 'C', 'en': 'ISO8859-1', 'jis': 'JIS7', 'jis7': 'JIS7', 'ajec': 'eucJP', 'koi8c': 'KOI8-C', 'microsoftcp1251': 'CP1251', 'microsoftcp1255': 'CP1255', 'microsoftcp1256': 'CP1256', '88591': 'ISO8859-1', '88592': 'ISO8859-2', '88595': 'ISO8859-5', '885915': 'ISO8859-15', # Mappings from Python codec names to C lib encoding names 'ascii': 'ISO8859-1', 'latin_1': 'ISO8859-1', 'iso8859_1': 'ISO8859-1', 'iso8859_10': 'ISO8859-10', 'iso8859_11': 'ISO8859-11', 'iso8859_13': 'ISO8859-13', 'iso8859_14': 'ISO8859-14', 'iso8859_15': 'ISO8859-15', 'iso8859_16': 'ISO8859-16', 'iso8859_2': 'ISO8859-2', 'iso8859_3': 'ISO8859-3', 'iso8859_4': 'ISO8859-4', 'iso8859_5': 'ISO8859-5', 'iso8859_6': 'ISO8859-6', 'iso8859_7': 'ISO8859-7', 'iso8859_8': 'ISO8859-8', 'iso8859_9': 'ISO8859-9', 'iso2022_jp': 'JIS7', 'shift_jis': 'SJIS', 'tactis': 'TACTIS', 'euc_jp': 'eucJP', 'euc_kr': 'eucKR', 'utf_8': 'UTF-8', 'koi8_r': 'KOI8-R', 'koi8_t': 'KOI8-T', 'koi8_u': 'KOI8-U', 'kz1048': 'RK1048', 'cp1251': 'CP1251', 'cp1255': 'CP1255', 'cp1256': 'CP1256', # XXX This list is still incomplete. If you know more # mappings, please file a bug report. Thanks. } for k, v in sorted(locale_encoding_alias.items()): k = k.replace('_', '') locale_encoding_alias.setdefault(k, v) del k, v # # The locale_alias table maps lowercase alias names to C locale names # (case-sensitive). Encodings are always separated from the locale # name using a dot ('.'); they should only be given in case the # language name is needed to interpret the given encoding alias # correctly (CJK codes often have this need). # # Note that the normalize() function which uses this tables # removes '_' and '-' characters from the encoding part of the # locale name before doing the lookup. This saves a lot of # space in the table. # # MAL 2004-12-10: # Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file # from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py. # # These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 2.4 # and older): # # updated 'bg' -> 'bg_BG.ISO8859-5' to 'bg_BG.CP1251' # updated 'bg_bg' -> 'bg_BG.ISO8859-5' to 'bg_BG.CP1251' # updated 'bulgarian' -> 'bg_BG.ISO8859-5' to 'bg_BG.CP1251' # updated 'cz' -> 'cz_CZ.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' # updated 'cz_cz' -> 'cz_CZ.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' # updated 'czech' -> 'cs_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' # updated 'dutch' -> 'nl_BE.ISO8859-1' to 'nl_NL.ISO8859-1' # updated 'et' -> 'et_EE.ISO8859-4' to 'et_EE.ISO8859-15' # updated 'et_ee' -> 'et_EE.ISO8859-4' to 'et_EE.ISO8859-15' # updated 'fi' -> 'fi_FI.ISO8859-1' to 'fi_FI.ISO8859-15' # updated 'fi_fi' -> 'fi_FI.ISO8859-1' to 'fi_FI.ISO8859-15' # updated 'iw' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8' # updated 'iw_il' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8' # updated 'japanese' -> 'ja_JP.SJIS' to 'ja_JP.eucJP' # updated 'lt' -> 'lt_LT.ISO8859-4' to 'lt_LT.ISO8859-13' # updated 'lv' -> 'lv_LV.ISO8859-4' to 'lv_LV.ISO8859-13' # updated 'sl' -> 'sl_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sl_SI.ISO8859-2' # updated 'slovene' -> 'sl_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sl_SI.ISO8859-2' # updated 'th_th' -> 'th_TH.TACTIS' to 'th_TH.ISO8859-11' # updated 'zh_cn' -> 'zh_CN.eucCN' to 'zh_CN.gb2312' # updated 'zh_cn.big5' -> 'zh_TW.eucTW' to 'zh_TW.big5' # updated 'zh_tw' -> 'zh_TW.eucTW' to 'zh_TW.big5' # # MAL 2008-05-30: # Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file # from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py. # # These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 2.5 # and older): # # updated 'cs_cs.iso88592' -> 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CS.ISO8859-2' # updated 'serbocroatian' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' # updated 'sh' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' # updated 'sh_hr.iso88592' -> 'sh_HR.ISO8859-2' to 'hr_HR.ISO8859-2' # updated 'sh_sp' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' # updated 'sh_yu' -> 'sh_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' # updated 'sp' -> 'sp_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' # updated 'sp_yu' -> 'sp_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' # updated 'sr' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' # updated 'sr@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' # updated 'sr_sp' -> 'sr_SP.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' # updated 'sr_yu' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' # updated 'sr_yu.cp1251@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.CP1251' to 'sr_CS.CP1251' # updated 'sr_yu.iso88592' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' # updated 'sr_yu.iso88595' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' # updated 'sr_yu.iso88595@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' # updated 'sr_yu.microsoftcp1251@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.CP1251' to 'sr_CS.CP1251' # updated 'sr_yu.utf8@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.UTF-8' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8' # updated 'sr_yu@cyrillic' -> 'sr_YU.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' # # AP 2010-04-12: # Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file # from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py. # # These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 2.6.5 # and older): # # updated 'ru' -> 'ru_RU.ISO8859-5' to 'ru_RU.UTF-8' # updated 'ru_ru' -> 'ru_RU.ISO8859-5' to 'ru_RU.UTF-8' # updated 'serbocroatian' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' # updated 'sh' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' # updated 'sh_yu' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' # updated 'sr' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8' # updated 'sr@cyrillic' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8' # updated 'sr@latn' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' # updated 'sr_cs.utf8@latn' -> 'sr_CS.UTF-8' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' # updated 'sr_cs@latn' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' # updated 'sr_yu' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' # updated 'sr_yu.utf8@cyrillic' -> 'sr_CS.UTF-8' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8' # updated 'sr_yu@cyrillic' -> 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8' # # SS 2013-12-20: # Updated alias mapping to most recent locale.alias file # from X.org distribution using makelocalealias.py. # # These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 3.3.3 # and older): # # updated 'a3' -> 'a3_AZ.KOI8-C' to 'az_AZ.KOI8-C' # updated 'a3_az' -> 'a3_AZ.KOI8-C' to 'az_AZ.KOI8-C' # updated 'a3_az.koi8c' -> 'a3_AZ.KOI8-C' to 'az_AZ.KOI8-C' # updated 'cs_cs.iso88592' -> 'cs_CS.ISO8859-2' to 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2' # updated 'hebrew' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8' # updated 'hebrew.iso88598' -> 'iw_IL.ISO8859-8' to 'he_IL.ISO8859-8' # updated 'sd' -> 'sd_IN@devanagari.UTF-8' to 'sd_IN.UTF-8' # updated 'sr@latn' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin' # updated 'sr_cs' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8' # updated 'sr_cs.utf8@latn' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin' # updated 'sr_cs@latn' -> 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' to 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin' # # SS 2014-10-01: # Updated alias mapping with glibc 2.19 supported locales. # # SS 2018-05-05: # Updated alias mapping with glibc 2.27 supported locales. # # These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 3.6.5 # and older): # # updated 'ca_es@valencia' -> 'ca_ES.ISO8859-15@valencia' to 'ca_ES.UTF-8@valencia' # updated 'kk_kz' -> 'kk_KZ.RK1048' to 'kk_KZ.ptcp154' # updated 'russian' -> 'ru_RU.ISO8859-5' to 'ru_RU.KOI8-R' # # SS 2025-02-04: # Updated alias mapping with glibc 2.41 supported locales and the latest # X lib alias mapping. # # These are the differences compared to the old mapping (Python 3.13.1 # and older): # # updated 'c.utf8' -> 'C.UTF-8' to 'en_US.UTF-8' # updated 'de_it' -> 'de_IT.ISO8859-1' to 'de_IT.UTF-8' # removed 'de_li.utf8' # updated 'en_il' -> 'en_IL.UTF-8' to 'en_IL.ISO8859-1' # removed 'english.iso88591' # updated 'es_cu' -> 'es_CU.UTF-8' to 'es_CU.ISO8859-1' # updated 'russian' -> 'ru_RU.KOI8-R' to 'ru_RU.ISO8859-5' # updated 'sr@latn' -> 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin' to 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin' # removed 'univ' # removed 'universal' # # SS 2025-06-10: # Remove 'c.utf8' -> 'en_US.UTF-8' because 'en_US.UTF-8' does not exist # on all platforms. locale_alias = { 'a3': 'az_AZ.KOI8-C', 'a3_az': 'az_AZ.KOI8-C', 'a3_az.koic': 'az_AZ.KOI8-C', 'aa_dj': 'aa_DJ.ISO8859-1', 'aa_er': 'aa_ER.UTF-8', 'aa_et': 'aa_ET.UTF-8', 'af': 'af_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'af_za': 'af_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'agr_pe': 'agr_PE.UTF-8', 'ak_gh': 'ak_GH.UTF-8', 'am': 'am_ET.UTF-8', 'am_et': 'am_ET.UTF-8', 'american': 'en_US.ISO8859-1', 'an_es': 'an_ES.ISO8859-15', 'anp_in': 'anp_IN.UTF-8', 'ar': 'ar_AA.ISO8859-6', 'ar_aa': 'ar_AA.ISO8859-6', 'ar_ae': 'ar_AE.ISO8859-6', 'ar_bh': 'ar_BH.ISO8859-6', 'ar_dz': 'ar_DZ.ISO8859-6', 'ar_eg': 'ar_EG.ISO8859-6', 'ar_in': 'ar_IN.UTF-8', 'ar_iq': 'ar_IQ.ISO8859-6', 'ar_jo': 'ar_JO.ISO8859-6', 'ar_kw': 'ar_KW.ISO8859-6', 'ar_lb': 'ar_LB.ISO8859-6', 'ar_ly': 'ar_LY.ISO8859-6', 'ar_ma': 'ar_MA.ISO8859-6', 'ar_om': 'ar_OM.ISO8859-6', 'ar_qa': 'ar_QA.ISO8859-6', 'ar_sa': 'ar_SA.ISO8859-6', 'ar_sd': 'ar_SD.ISO8859-6', 'ar_ss': 'ar_SS.UTF-8', 'ar_sy': 'ar_SY.ISO8859-6', 'ar_tn': 'ar_TN.ISO8859-6', 'ar_ye': 'ar_YE.ISO8859-6', 'arabic': 'ar_AA.ISO8859-6', 'as': 'as_IN.UTF-8', 'as_in': 'as_IN.UTF-8', 'ast_es': 'ast_ES.ISO8859-15', 'ayc_pe': 'ayc_PE.UTF-8', 'az': 'az_AZ.ISO8859-9E', 'az_az': 'az_AZ.ISO8859-9E', 'az_az.iso88599e': 'az_AZ.ISO8859-9E', 'az_ir': 'az_IR.UTF-8', 'be': 'be_BY.CP1251', 'be@latin': 'be_BY.UTF-8@latin', 'be_bg.utf8': 'bg_BG.UTF-8', 'be_by': 'be_BY.CP1251', 'be_by@latin': 'be_BY.UTF-8@latin', 'bem_zm': 'bem_ZM.UTF-8', 'ber_dz': 'ber_DZ.UTF-8', 'ber_ma': 'ber_MA.UTF-8', 'bg': 'bg_BG.CP1251', 'bg_bg': 'bg_BG.CP1251', 'bhb_in.utf8': 'bhb_IN.UTF-8', 'bho_in': 'bho_IN.UTF-8', 'bho_np': 'bho_NP.UTF-8', 'bi_vu': 'bi_VU.UTF-8', 'bn_bd': 'bn_BD.UTF-8', 'bn_in': 'bn_IN.UTF-8', 'bo_cn': 'bo_CN.UTF-8', 'bo_in': 'bo_IN.UTF-8', 'bokmal': 'nb_NO.ISO8859-1', 'bokm\xe5l': 'nb_NO.ISO8859-1', 'br': 'br_FR.ISO8859-1', 'br_fr': 'br_FR.ISO8859-1', 'brx_in': 'brx_IN.UTF-8', 'bs': 'bs_BA.ISO8859-2', 'bs_ba': 'bs_BA.ISO8859-2', 'bulgarian': 'bg_BG.CP1251', 'byn_er': 'byn_ER.UTF-8', 'c': 'C', 'c-french': 'fr_CA.ISO8859-1', 'c.ascii': 'C', 'c.en': 'C', 'c.iso88591': 'en_US.ISO8859-1', 'c_c': 'C', 'c_c.c': 'C', 'ca': 'ca_ES.ISO8859-1', 'ca_ad': 'ca_AD.ISO8859-1', 'ca_es': 'ca_ES.ISO8859-1', 'ca_es@valencia': 'ca_ES.UTF-8@valencia', 'ca_fr': 'ca_FR.ISO8859-1', 'ca_it': 'ca_IT.ISO8859-1', 'catalan': 'ca_ES.ISO8859-1', 'ce_ru': 'ce_RU.UTF-8', 'cextend': 'en_US.ISO8859-1', 'chinese-s': 'zh_CN.eucCN', 'chinese-t': 'zh_TW.eucTW', 'chr_us': 'chr_US.UTF-8', 'ckb_iq': 'ckb_IQ.UTF-8', 'cmn_tw': 'cmn_TW.UTF-8', 'crh_ru': 'crh_RU.UTF-8', 'crh_ua': 'crh_UA.UTF-8', 'croatian': 'hr_HR.ISO8859-2', 'cs': 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', 'cs_cs': 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', 'cs_cz': 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', 'csb_pl': 'csb_PL.UTF-8', 'cv_ru': 'cv_RU.UTF-8', 'cy': 'cy_GB.ISO8859-1', 'cy_gb': 'cy_GB.ISO8859-1', 'cz': 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', 'cz_cz': 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', 'czech': 'cs_CZ.ISO8859-2', 'da': 'da_DK.ISO8859-1', 'da_dk': 'da_DK.ISO8859-1', 'danish': 'da_DK.ISO8859-1', 'dansk': 'da_DK.ISO8859-1', 'de': 'de_DE.ISO8859-1', 'de_at': 'de_AT.ISO8859-1', 'de_be': 'de_BE.ISO8859-1', 'de_ch': 'de_CH.ISO8859-1', 'de_de': 'de_DE.ISO8859-1', 'de_it': 'de_IT.UTF-8', 'de_li': 'de_LI.ISO8859-1', 'de_lu': 'de_LU.ISO8859-1', 'deutsch': 'de_DE.ISO8859-1', 'doi_in': 'doi_IN.UTF-8', 'dsb_de': 'dsb_DE.UTF-8', 'dutch': 'nl_NL.ISO8859-1', 'dutch.iso88591': 'nl_BE.ISO8859-1', 'dv_mv': 'dv_MV.UTF-8', 'dz_bt': 'dz_BT.UTF-8', 'ee': 'ee_EE.ISO8859-4', 'ee_ee': 'ee_EE.ISO8859-4', 'eesti': 'et_EE.ISO8859-1', 'el': 'el_GR.ISO8859-7', 'el_cy': 'el_CY.ISO8859-7', 'el_gr': 'el_GR.ISO8859-7', 'el_gr@euro': 'el_GR.ISO8859-15', 'en': 'en_US.ISO8859-1', 'en_ag': 'en_AG.UTF-8', 'en_au': 'en_AU.ISO8859-1', 'en_be': 'en_BE.ISO8859-1', 'en_bw': 'en_BW.ISO8859-1', 'en_ca': 'en_CA.ISO8859-1', 'en_dk': 'en_DK.ISO8859-1', 'en_dl.utf8': 'en_DL.UTF-8', 'en_gb': 'en_GB.ISO8859-1', 'en_hk': 'en_HK.ISO8859-1', 'en_ie': 'en_IE.ISO8859-1', 'en_il': 'en_IL.ISO8859-1', 'en_in': 'en_IN.ISO8859-1', 'en_ng': 'en_NG.UTF-8', 'en_nz': 'en_NZ.ISO8859-1', 'en_ph': 'en_PH.ISO8859-1', 'en_sc.utf8': 'en_SC.UTF-8', 'en_sg': 'en_SG.ISO8859-1', 'en_uk': 'en_GB.ISO8859-1', 'en_us': 'en_US.ISO8859-1', 'en_us@euro@euro': 'en_US.ISO8859-15', 'en_za': 'en_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'en_zm': 'en_ZM.UTF-8', 'en_zw': 'en_ZW.ISO8859-1', 'en_zw.utf8': 'en_ZS.UTF-8', 'eng_gb': 'en_GB.ISO8859-1', 'english': 'en_EN.ISO8859-1', 'english_uk': 'en_GB.ISO8859-1', 'english_united-states': 'en_US.ISO8859-1', 'english_united-states.437': 'C', 'english_us': 'en_US.ISO8859-1', 'eo': 'eo_XX.ISO8859-3', 'eo.utf8': 'eo.UTF-8', 'eo_eo': 'eo_EO.ISO8859-3', 'eo_us.utf8': 'eo_US.UTF-8', 'eo_xx': 'eo_XX.ISO8859-3', 'es': 'es_ES.ISO8859-1', 'es_ar': 'es_AR.ISO8859-1', 'es_bo': 'es_BO.ISO8859-1', 'es_cl': 'es_CL.ISO8859-1', 'es_co': 'es_CO.ISO8859-1', 'es_cr': 'es_CR.ISO8859-1', 'es_cu': 'es_CU.ISO8859-1', 'es_do': 'es_DO.ISO8859-1', 'es_ec': 'es_EC.ISO8859-1', 'es_es': 'es_ES.ISO8859-1', 'es_gt': 'es_GT.ISO8859-1', 'es_hn': 'es_HN.ISO8859-1', 'es_mx': 'es_MX.ISO8859-1', 'es_ni': 'es_NI.ISO8859-1', 'es_pa': 'es_PA.ISO8859-1', 'es_pe': 'es_PE.ISO8859-1', 'es_pr': 'es_PR.ISO8859-1', 'es_py': 'es_PY.ISO8859-1', 'es_sv': 'es_SV.ISO8859-1', 'es_us': 'es_US.ISO8859-1', 'es_uy': 'es_UY.ISO8859-1', 'es_ve': 'es_VE.ISO8859-1', 'estonian': 'et_EE.ISO8859-1', 'et': 'et_EE.ISO8859-15', 'et_ee': 'et_EE.ISO8859-15', 'eu': 'eu_ES.ISO8859-1', 'eu_es': 'eu_ES.ISO8859-1', 'eu_fr': 'eu_FR.ISO8859-1', 'fa': 'fa_IR.UTF-8', 'fa_ir': 'fa_IR.UTF-8', 'fa_ir.isiri3342': 'fa_IR.ISIRI-3342', 'ff_sn': 'ff_SN.UTF-8', 'fi': 'fi_FI.ISO8859-15', 'fi_fi': 'fi_FI.ISO8859-15', 'fil_ph': 'fil_PH.UTF-8', 'finnish': 'fi_FI.ISO8859-1', 'fo': 'fo_FO.ISO8859-1', 'fo_fo': 'fo_FO.ISO8859-1', 'fr': 'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', 'fr_be': 'fr_BE.ISO8859-1', 'fr_ca': 'fr_CA.ISO8859-1', 'fr_ch': 'fr_CH.ISO8859-1', 'fr_fr': 'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', 'fr_lu': 'fr_LU.ISO8859-1', 'fran\xe7ais': 'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', 'fre_fr': 'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', 'french': 'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', 'french.iso88591': 'fr_CH.ISO8859-1', 'french_france': 'fr_FR.ISO8859-1', 'fur_it': 'fur_IT.UTF-8', 'fy_de': 'fy_DE.UTF-8', 'fy_nl': 'fy_NL.UTF-8', 'ga': 'ga_IE.ISO8859-1', 'ga_ie': 'ga_IE.ISO8859-1', 'galego': 'gl_ES.ISO8859-1', 'galician': 'gl_ES.ISO8859-1', 'gbm_in': 'gbm_IN.UTF-8', 'gd': 'gd_GB.ISO8859-1', 'gd_gb': 'gd_GB.ISO8859-1', 'ger_de': 'de_DE.ISO8859-1', 'german': 'de_DE.ISO8859-1', 'german.iso88591': 'de_CH.ISO8859-1', 'german_germany': 'de_DE.ISO8859-1', 'gez_er': 'gez_ER.UTF-8', 'gez_et': 'gez_ET.UTF-8', 'gl': 'gl_ES.ISO8859-1', 'gl_es': 'gl_ES.ISO8859-1', 'greek': 'el_GR.ISO8859-7', 'gu_in': 'gu_IN.UTF-8', 'gv': 'gv_GB.ISO8859-1', 'gv_gb': 'gv_GB.ISO8859-1', 'ha_ng': 'ha_NG.UTF-8', 'hak_tw': 'hak_TW.UTF-8', 'he': 'he_IL.ISO8859-8', 'he_il': 'he_IL.ISO8859-8', 'hebrew': 'he_IL.ISO8859-8', 'hi': 'hi_IN.ISCII-DEV', 'hi_in': 'hi_IN.ISCII-DEV', 'hi_in.isciidev': 'hi_IN.ISCII-DEV', 'hif_fj': 'hif_FJ.UTF-8', 'hne': 'hne_IN.UTF-8', 'hne_in': 'hne_IN.UTF-8', 'hr': 'hr_HR.ISO8859-2', 'hr_hr': 'hr_HR.ISO8859-2', 'hrvatski': 'hr_HR.ISO8859-2', 'hsb_de': 'hsb_DE.ISO8859-2', 'ht_ht': 'ht_HT.UTF-8', 'hu': 'hu_HU.ISO8859-2', 'hu_hu': 'hu_HU.ISO8859-2', 'hungarian': 'hu_HU.ISO8859-2', 'hy_am': 'hy_AM.UTF-8', 'hy_am.armscii8': 'hy_AM.ARMSCII_8', 'ia': 'ia.UTF-8', 'ia_fr': 'ia_FR.UTF-8', 'icelandic': 'is_IS.ISO8859-1', 'id': 'id_ID.ISO8859-1', 'id_id': 'id_ID.ISO8859-1', 'ie': 'ie.UTF-8', 'ig_ng': 'ig_NG.UTF-8', 'ik_ca': 'ik_CA.UTF-8', 'in': 'id_ID.ISO8859-1', 'in_id': 'id_ID.ISO8859-1', 'is': 'is_IS.ISO8859-1', 'is_is': 'is_IS.ISO8859-1', 'iso-8859-1': 'en_US.ISO8859-1', 'iso-8859-15': 'en_US.ISO8859-15', 'iso8859-1': 'en_US.ISO8859-1', 'iso8859-15': 'en_US.ISO8859-15', 'iso_8859_1': 'en_US.ISO8859-1', 'iso_8859_15': 'en_US.ISO8859-15', 'it': 'it_IT.ISO8859-1', 'it_ch': 'it_CH.ISO8859-1', 'it_it': 'it_IT.ISO8859-1', 'italian': 'it_IT.ISO8859-1', 'iu': 'iu_CA.NUNACOM-8', 'iu_ca': 'iu_CA.NUNACOM-8', 'iu_ca.nunacom8': 'iu_CA.NUNACOM-8', 'iw': 'he_IL.ISO8859-8', 'iw_il': 'he_IL.ISO8859-8', 'iw_il.utf8': 'iw_IL.UTF-8', 'ja': 'ja_JP.eucJP', 'ja_jp': 'ja_JP.eucJP', 'ja_jp.euc': 'ja_JP.eucJP', 'ja_jp.mscode': 'ja_JP.SJIS', 'ja_jp.pck': 'ja_JP.SJIS', 'japan': 'ja_JP.eucJP', 'japanese': 'ja_JP.eucJP', 'japanese-euc': 'ja_JP.eucJP', 'japanese.euc': 'ja_JP.eucJP', 'jp_jp': 'ja_JP.eucJP', 'ka': 'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY', 'ka_ge': 'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY', 'ka_ge.georgianacademy': 'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY', 'ka_ge.georgianps': 'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-PS', 'ka_ge.georgianrs': 'ka_GE.GEORGIAN-ACADEMY', 'kab_dz': 'kab_DZ.UTF-8', 'kk_kz': 'kk_KZ.ptcp154', 'kl': 'kl_GL.ISO8859-1', 'kl_gl': 'kl_GL.ISO8859-1', 'km_kh': 'km_KH.UTF-8', 'kn': 'kn_IN.UTF-8', 'kn_in': 'kn_IN.UTF-8', 'ko': 'ko_KR.eucKR', 'ko_kr': 'ko_KR.eucKR', 'ko_kr.euc': 'ko_KR.eucKR', 'kok_in': 'kok_IN.UTF-8', 'korean': 'ko_KR.eucKR', 'korean.euc': 'ko_KR.eucKR', 'ks': 'ks_IN.UTF-8', 'ks_in': 'ks_IN.UTF-8', 'ks_in@devanagari.utf8': 'ks_IN.UTF-8@devanagari', 'ku_tr': 'ku_TR.ISO8859-9', 'kv_ru': 'kv_RU.UTF-8', 'kw': 'kw_GB.ISO8859-1', 'kw_gb': 'kw_GB.ISO8859-1', 'ky': 'ky_KG.UTF-8', 'ky_kg': 'ky_KG.UTF-8', 'lb_lu': 'lb_LU.UTF-8', 'lg_ug': 'lg_UG.ISO8859-10', 'li_be': 'li_BE.UTF-8', 'li_nl': 'li_NL.UTF-8', 'lij_it': 'lij_IT.UTF-8', 'lithuanian': 'lt_LT.ISO8859-13', 'ln_cd': 'ln_CD.UTF-8', 'lo': 'lo_LA.MULELAO-1', 'lo_la': 'lo_LA.MULELAO-1', 'lo_la.cp1133': 'lo_LA.IBM-CP1133', 'lo_la.ibmcp1133': 'lo_LA.IBM-CP1133', 'lo_la.mulelao1': 'lo_LA.MULELAO-1', 'lt': 'lt_LT.ISO8859-13', 'lt_lt': 'lt_LT.ISO8859-13', 'ltg_lv.utf8': 'ltg_LV.UTF-8', 'lv': 'lv_LV.ISO8859-13', 'lv_lv': 'lv_LV.ISO8859-13', 'lzh_tw': 'lzh_TW.UTF-8', 'mag_in': 'mag_IN.UTF-8', 'mai': 'mai_IN.UTF-8', 'mai_in': 'mai_IN.UTF-8', 'mai_np': 'mai_NP.UTF-8', 'mdf_ru': 'mdf_RU.UTF-8', 'mfe_mu': 'mfe_MU.UTF-8', 'mg_mg': 'mg_MG.ISO8859-15', 'mhr_ru': 'mhr_RU.UTF-8', 'mi': 'mi_NZ.ISO8859-1', 'mi_nz': 'mi_NZ.ISO8859-1', 'miq_ni': 'miq_NI.UTF-8', 'mjw_in': 'mjw_IN.UTF-8', 'mk': 'mk_MK.ISO8859-5', 'mk_mk': 'mk_MK.ISO8859-5', 'ml': 'ml_IN.UTF-8', 'ml_in': 'ml_IN.UTF-8', 'mn_mn': 'mn_MN.UTF-8', 'mni_in': 'mni_IN.UTF-8', 'mnw_mm': 'mnw_MM.UTF-8', 'mr': 'mr_IN.UTF-8', 'mr_in': 'mr_IN.UTF-8', 'ms': 'ms_MY.ISO8859-1', 'ms_my': 'ms_MY.ISO8859-1', 'mt': 'mt_MT.ISO8859-3', 'mt_mt': 'mt_MT.ISO8859-3', 'my_mm': 'my_MM.UTF-8', 'nan_tw': 'nan_TW.UTF-8', 'nb': 'nb_NO.ISO8859-1', 'nb_no': 'nb_NO.ISO8859-1', 'nds_de': 'nds_DE.UTF-8', 'nds_nl': 'nds_NL.UTF-8', 'ne_np': 'ne_NP.UTF-8', 'nhn_mx': 'nhn_MX.UTF-8', 'niu_nu': 'niu_NU.UTF-8', 'niu_nz': 'niu_NZ.UTF-8', 'nl': 'nl_NL.ISO8859-1', 'nl_aw': 'nl_AW.UTF-8', 'nl_be': 'nl_BE.ISO8859-1', 'nl_nl': 'nl_NL.ISO8859-1', 'nn': 'nn_NO.ISO8859-1', 'nn_no': 'nn_NO.ISO8859-1', 'no': 'no_NO.ISO8859-1', 'no@nynorsk': 'ny_NO.ISO8859-1', 'no_no': 'no_NO.ISO8859-1', 'no_no.iso88591@bokmal': 'no_NO.ISO8859-1', 'no_no.iso88591@nynorsk': 'no_NO.ISO8859-1', 'norwegian': 'no_NO.ISO8859-1', 'nr': 'nr_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'nr_za': 'nr_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'nso': 'nso_ZA.ISO8859-15', 'nso_za': 'nso_ZA.ISO8859-15', 'ny': 'ny_NO.ISO8859-1', 'ny_no': 'ny_NO.ISO8859-1', 'nynorsk': 'nn_NO.ISO8859-1', 'oc': 'oc_FR.ISO8859-1', 'oc_fr': 'oc_FR.ISO8859-1', 'om_et': 'om_ET.UTF-8', 'om_ke': 'om_KE.ISO8859-1', 'or': 'or_IN.UTF-8', 'or_in': 'or_IN.UTF-8', 'os_ru': 'os_RU.UTF-8', 'pa': 'pa_IN.UTF-8', 'pa_in': 'pa_IN.UTF-8', 'pa_pk': 'pa_PK.UTF-8', 'pap_an': 'pap_AN.UTF-8', 'pap_aw': 'pap_AW.UTF-8', 'pap_cw': 'pap_CW.UTF-8', 'pd': 'pd_US.ISO8859-1', 'pd_de': 'pd_DE.ISO8859-1', 'pd_us': 'pd_US.ISO8859-1', 'ph': 'ph_PH.ISO8859-1', 'ph_ph': 'ph_PH.ISO8859-1', 'pl': 'pl_PL.ISO8859-2', 'pl_pl': 'pl_PL.ISO8859-2', 'polish': 'pl_PL.ISO8859-2', 'portuguese': 'pt_PT.ISO8859-1', 'portuguese_brazil': 'pt_BR.ISO8859-1', 'posix': 'C', 'posix-utf2': 'C', 'pp': 'pp_AN.ISO8859-1', 'pp_an': 'pp_AN.ISO8859-1', 'ps_af': 'ps_AF.UTF-8', 'pt': 'pt_PT.ISO8859-1', 'pt_br': 'pt_BR.ISO8859-1', 'pt_pt': 'pt_PT.ISO8859-1', 'quz_pe': 'quz_PE.UTF-8', 'raj_in': 'raj_IN.UTF-8', 'rif_ma': 'rif_MA.UTF-8', 'ro': 'ro_RO.ISO8859-2', 'ro_ro': 'ro_RO.ISO8859-2', 'romanian': 'ro_RO.ISO8859-2', 'ru': 'ru_RU.UTF-8', 'ru_ru': 'ru_RU.UTF-8', 'ru_ua': 'ru_UA.KOI8-U', 'rumanian': 'ro_RO.ISO8859-2', 'russian': 'ru_RU.ISO8859-5', 'rw': 'rw_RW.ISO8859-1', 'rw_rw': 'rw_RW.ISO8859-1', 'sa_in': 'sa_IN.UTF-8', 'sah_ru': 'sah_RU.UTF-8', 'sat_in': 'sat_IN.UTF-8', 'sc_it': 'sc_IT.UTF-8', 'scn_it': 'scn_IT.UTF-8', 'sd': 'sd_IN.UTF-8', 'sd_in': 'sd_IN.UTF-8', 'sd_in@devanagari.utf8': 'sd_IN.UTF-8@devanagari', 'sd_pk': 'sd_PK.UTF-8', 'se_no': 'se_NO.UTF-8', 'serbocroatian': 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', 'sgs_lt': 'sgs_LT.UTF-8', 'sh': 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', 'sh_ba.iso88592@bosnia': 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2', 'sh_hr': 'sh_HR.ISO8859-2', 'sh_hr.iso88592': 'hr_HR.ISO8859-2', 'sh_sp': 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2', 'sh_yu': 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', 'shn_mm': 'shn_MM.UTF-8', 'shs_ca': 'shs_CA.UTF-8', 'si': 'si_LK.UTF-8', 'si_lk': 'si_LK.UTF-8', 'sid_et': 'sid_ET.UTF-8', 'sinhala': 'si_LK.UTF-8', 'sk': 'sk_SK.ISO8859-2', 'sk_sk': 'sk_SK.ISO8859-2', 'sl': 'sl_SI.ISO8859-2', 'sl_cs': 'sl_CS.ISO8859-2', 'sl_si': 'sl_SI.ISO8859-2', 'slovak': 'sk_SK.ISO8859-2', 'slovene': 'sl_SI.ISO8859-2', 'slovenian': 'sl_SI.ISO8859-2', 'sm_ws': 'sm_WS.UTF-8', 'so_dj': 'so_DJ.ISO8859-1', 'so_et': 'so_ET.UTF-8', 'so_ke': 'so_KE.ISO8859-1', 'so_so': 'so_SO.ISO8859-1', 'sp': 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5', 'sp_yu': 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5', 'spanish': 'es_ES.ISO8859-1', 'spanish_spain': 'es_ES.ISO8859-1', 'sq': 'sq_AL.ISO8859-2', 'sq_al': 'sq_AL.ISO8859-2', 'sq_mk': 'sq_MK.UTF-8', 'sr': 'sr_RS.UTF-8', 'sr@cyrillic': 'sr_RS.UTF-8', 'sr@latn': 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', 'sr_cs': 'sr_CS.UTF-8', 'sr_cs.iso88592@latn': 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2', 'sr_cs@latn': 'sr_CS.UTF-8@latin', 'sr_me': 'sr_ME.UTF-8', 'sr_rs': 'sr_RS.UTF-8', 'sr_rs@latn': 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', 'sr_sp': 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2', 'sr_yu': 'sr_RS.UTF-8@latin', 'sr_yu.cp1251@cyrillic': 'sr_CS.CP1251', 'sr_yu.iso88592': 'sr_CS.ISO8859-2', 'sr_yu.iso88595': 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5', 'sr_yu.iso88595@cyrillic': 'sr_CS.ISO8859-5', 'sr_yu.microsoftcp1251@cyrillic': 'sr_CS.CP1251', 'sr_yu.utf8': 'sr_RS.UTF-8', 'sr_yu.utf8@cyrillic': 'sr_RS.UTF-8', 'sr_yu@cyrillic': 'sr_RS.UTF-8', 'ss': 'ss_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'ss_za': 'ss_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'ssy_er': 'ssy_ER.UTF-8', 'st': 'st_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'st_za': 'st_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'su_id': 'su_ID.UTF-8', 'sv': 'sv_SE.ISO8859-1', 'sv_fi': 'sv_FI.ISO8859-1', 'sv_se': 'sv_SE.ISO8859-1', 'sw_ke': 'sw_KE.UTF-8', 'sw_tz': 'sw_TZ.UTF-8', 'swedish': 'sv_SE.ISO8859-1', 'syr': 'syr.UTF-8', 'szl_pl': 'szl_PL.UTF-8', 'ta': 'ta_IN.TSCII-0', 'ta_in': 'ta_IN.TSCII-0', 'ta_in.tscii': 'ta_IN.TSCII-0', 'ta_in.tscii0': 'ta_IN.TSCII-0', 'ta_lk': 'ta_LK.UTF-8', 'tcy_in.utf8': 'tcy_IN.UTF-8', 'te': 'te_IN.UTF-8', 'te_in': 'te_IN.UTF-8', 'tg': 'tg_TJ.KOI8-C', 'tg_tj': 'tg_TJ.KOI8-C', 'th': 'th_TH.ISO8859-11', 'th_th': 'th_TH.ISO8859-11', 'th_th.tactis': 'th_TH.TIS620', 'th_th.tis620': 'th_TH.TIS620', 'thai': 'th_TH.ISO8859-11', 'the_np': 'the_NP.UTF-8', 'ti_er': 'ti_ER.UTF-8', 'ti_et': 'ti_ET.UTF-8', 'tig_er': 'tig_ER.UTF-8', 'tk_tm': 'tk_TM.UTF-8', 'tl': 'tl_PH.ISO8859-1', 'tl_ph': 'tl_PH.ISO8859-1', 'tn': 'tn_ZA.ISO8859-15', 'tn_za': 'tn_ZA.ISO8859-15', 'to_to': 'to_TO.UTF-8', 'tok': 'tok.UTF-8', 'tpi_pg': 'tpi_PG.UTF-8', 'tr': 'tr_TR.ISO8859-9', 'tr_cy': 'tr_CY.ISO8859-9', 'tr_tr': 'tr_TR.ISO8859-9', 'ts': 'ts_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'ts_za': 'ts_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'tt': 'tt_RU.TATAR-CYR', 'tt_ru': 'tt_RU.TATAR-CYR', 'tt_ru.tatarcyr': 'tt_RU.TATAR-CYR', 'tt_ru@iqtelif': 'tt_RU.UTF-8@iqtelif', 'turkish': 'tr_TR.ISO8859-9', 'ug_cn': 'ug_CN.UTF-8', 'uk': 'uk_UA.KOI8-U', 'uk_ua': 'uk_UA.KOI8-U', 'univ.utf8': 'en_US.UTF-8', 'universal.utf8@ucs4': 'en_US.UTF-8', 'unm_us': 'unm_US.UTF-8', 'ur': 'ur_PK.CP1256', 'ur_in': 'ur_IN.UTF-8', 'ur_pk': 'ur_PK.CP1256', 'uz': 'uz_UZ.UTF-8', 'uz_uz': 'uz_UZ.UTF-8', 'uz_uz@cyrillic': 'uz_UZ.UTF-8', 've': 've_ZA.UTF-8', 've_za': 've_ZA.UTF-8', 'vi': 'vi_VN.TCVN', 'vi_vn': 'vi_VN.TCVN', 'vi_vn.tcvn': 'vi_VN.TCVN', 'vi_vn.tcvn5712': 'vi_VN.TCVN', 'vi_vn.viscii': 'vi_VN.VISCII', 'vi_vn.viscii111': 'vi_VN.VISCII', 'wa': 'wa_BE.ISO8859-1', 'wa_be': 'wa_BE.ISO8859-1', 'wae_ch': 'wae_CH.UTF-8', 'wal_et': 'wal_ET.UTF-8', 'wo_sn': 'wo_SN.UTF-8', 'xh': 'xh_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'xh_za': 'xh_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'yi': 'yi_US.CP1255', 'yi_us': 'yi_US.CP1255', 'yo_ng': 'yo_NG.UTF-8', 'yue_hk': 'yue_HK.UTF-8', 'yuw_pg': 'yuw_PG.UTF-8', 'zgh_ma': 'zgh_MA.UTF-8', 'zh': 'zh_CN.eucCN', 'zh_cn': 'zh_CN.gb2312', 'zh_cn.big5': 'zh_TW.big5', 'zh_cn.euc': 'zh_CN.eucCN', 'zh_hk': 'zh_HK.big5hkscs', 'zh_hk.big5hk': 'zh_HK.big5hkscs', 'zh_sg': 'zh_SG.GB2312', 'zh_sg.gbk': 'zh_SG.GBK', 'zh_tw': 'zh_TW.big5', 'zh_tw.euc': 'zh_TW.eucTW', 'zh_tw.euctw': 'zh_TW.eucTW', 'zu': 'zu_ZA.ISO8859-1', 'zu_za': 'zu_ZA.ISO8859-1', } # # This maps Windows language identifiers to locale strings. # # This list has been updated from # http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/intl/nls_238z.asp # to include every locale up to Windows Vista. # # NOTE: this mapping is incomplete. If your language is missing, please # submit a bug report as detailed in the Python devguide at: # https://devguide.python.org/triage/issue-tracker/ # Make sure you include the missing language identifier and the suggested # locale code. # windows_locale = { 0x0436: "af_ZA", # Afrikaans 0x041c: "sq_AL", # Albanian 0x0484: "gsw_FR",# Alsatian - France 0x045e: "am_ET", # Amharic - Ethiopia 0x0401: "ar_SA", # Arabic - Saudi Arabia 0x0801: "ar_IQ", # Arabic - Iraq 0x0c01: "ar_EG", # Arabic - Egypt 0x1001: "ar_LY", # Arabic - Libya 0x1401: "ar_DZ", # Arabic - Algeria 0x1801: "ar_MA", # Arabic - Morocco 0x1c01: "ar_TN", # Arabic - Tunisia 0x2001: "ar_OM", # Arabic - Oman 0x2401: "ar_YE", # Arabic - Yemen 0x2801: "ar_SY", # Arabic - Syria 0x2c01: "ar_JO", # Arabic - Jordan 0x3001: "ar_LB", # Arabic - Lebanon 0x3401: "ar_KW", # Arabic - Kuwait 0x3801: "ar_AE", # Arabic - United Arab Emirates 0x3c01: "ar_BH", # Arabic - Bahrain 0x4001: "ar_QA", # Arabic - Qatar 0x042b: "hy_AM", # Armenian 0x044d: "as_IN", # Assamese - India 0x042c: "az_AZ", # Azeri - Latin 0x082c: "az_AZ", # Azeri - Cyrillic 0x046d: "ba_RU", # Bashkir 0x042d: "eu_ES", # Basque - Russia 0x0423: "be_BY", # Belarusian 0x0445: "bn_IN", # Begali 0x201a: "bs_BA", # Bosnian - Cyrillic 0x141a: "bs_BA", # Bosnian - Latin 0x047e: "br_FR", # Breton - France 0x0402: "bg_BG", # Bulgarian # 0x0455: "my_MM", # Burmese - Not supported 0x0403: "ca_ES", # Catalan 0x0004: "zh_CHS",# Chinese - Simplified 0x0404: "zh_TW", # Chinese - Taiwan 0x0804: "zh_CN", # Chinese - PRC 0x0c04: "zh_HK", # Chinese - Hong Kong S.A.R. 0x1004: "zh_SG", # Chinese - Singapore 0x1404: "zh_MO", # Chinese - Macao S.A.R. 0x7c04: "zh_CHT",# Chinese - Traditional 0x0483: "co_FR", # Corsican - France 0x041a: "hr_HR", # Croatian 0x101a: "hr_BA", # Croatian - Bosnia 0x0405: "cs_CZ", # Czech 0x0406: "da_DK", # Danish 0x048c: "gbz_AF",# Dari - Afghanistan 0x0465: "div_MV",# Divehi - Maldives 0x0413: "nl_NL", # Dutch - The Netherlands 0x0813: "nl_BE", # Dutch - Belgium 0x0409: "en_US", # English - United States 0x0809: "en_GB", # English - United Kingdom 0x0c09: "en_AU", # English - Australia 0x1009: "en_CA", # English - Canada 0x1409: "en_NZ", # English - New Zealand 0x1809: "en_IE", # English - Ireland 0x1c09: "en_ZA", # English - South Africa 0x2009: "en_JA", # English - Jamaica 0x2409: "en_CB", # English - Caribbean 0x2809: "en_BZ", # English - Belize 0x2c09: "en_TT", # English - Trinidad 0x3009: "en_ZW", # English - Zimbabwe 0x3409: "en_PH", # English - Philippines 0x4009: "en_IN", # English - India 0x4409: "en_MY", # English - Malaysia 0x4809: "en_IN", # English - Singapore 0x0425: "et_EE", # Estonian 0x0438: "fo_FO", # Faroese 0x0464: "fil_PH",# Filipino 0x040b: "fi_FI", # Finnish 0x040c: "fr_FR", # French - France 0x080c: "fr_BE", # French - Belgium 0x0c0c: "fr_CA", # French - Canada 0x100c: "fr_CH", # French - Switzerland 0x140c: "fr_LU", # French - Luxembourg 0x180c: "fr_MC", # French - Monaco 0x0462: "fy_NL", # Frisian - Netherlands 0x0456: "gl_ES", # Galician 0x0437: "ka_GE", # Georgian 0x0407: "de_DE", # German - Germany 0x0807: "de_CH", # German - Switzerland 0x0c07: "de_AT", # German - Austria 0x1007: "de_LU", # German - Luxembourg 0x1407: "de_LI", # German - Liechtenstein 0x0408: "el_GR", # Greek 0x046f: "kl_GL", # Greenlandic - Greenland 0x0447: "gu_IN", # Gujarati 0x0468: "ha_NG", # Hausa - Latin 0x040d: "he_IL", # Hebrew 0x0439: "hi_IN", # Hindi 0x040e: "hu_HU", # Hungarian 0x040f: "is_IS", # Icelandic 0x0421: "id_ID", # Indonesian 0x045d: "iu_CA", # Inuktitut - Syllabics 0x085d: "iu_CA", # Inuktitut - Latin 0x083c: "ga_IE", # Irish - Ireland 0x0410: "it_IT", # Italian - Italy 0x0810: "it_CH", # Italian - Switzerland 0x0411: "ja_JP", # Japanese 0x044b: "kn_IN", # Kannada - India 0x043f: "kk_KZ", # Kazakh 0x0453: "kh_KH", # Khmer - Cambodia 0x0486: "qut_GT",# K'iche - Guatemala 0x0487: "rw_RW", # Kinyarwanda - Rwanda 0x0457: "kok_IN",# Konkani 0x0412: "ko_KR", # Korean 0x0440: "ky_KG", # Kyrgyz 0x0454: "lo_LA", # Lao - Lao PDR 0x0426: "lv_LV", # Latvian 0x0427: "lt_LT", # Lithuanian 0x082e: "dsb_DE",# Lower Sorbian - Germany 0x046e: "lb_LU", # Luxembourgish 0x042f: "mk_MK", # FYROM Macedonian 0x043e: "ms_MY", # Malay - Malaysia 0x083e: "ms_BN", # Malay - Brunei Darussalam 0x044c: "ml_IN", # Malayalam - India 0x043a: "mt_MT", # Maltese 0x0481: "mi_NZ", # Maori 0x047a: "arn_CL",# Mapudungun 0x044e: "mr_IN", # Marathi 0x047c: "moh_CA",# Mohawk - Canada 0x0450: "mn_MN", # Mongolian - Cyrillic 0x0850: "mn_CN", # Mongolian - PRC 0x0461: "ne_NP", # Nepali 0x0414: "nb_NO", # Norwegian - Bokmal 0x0814: "nn_NO", # Norwegian - Nynorsk 0x0482: "oc_FR", # Occitan - France 0x0448: "or_IN", # Oriya - India 0x0463: "ps_AF", # Pashto - Afghanistan 0x0429: "fa_IR", # Persian 0x0415: "pl_PL", # Polish 0x0416: "pt_BR", # Portuguese - Brazil 0x0816: "pt_PT", # Portuguese - Portugal 0x0446: "pa_IN", # Punjabi 0x046b: "quz_BO",# Quechua (Bolivia) 0x086b: "quz_EC",# Quechua (Ecuador) 0x0c6b: "quz_PE",# Quechua (Peru) 0x0418: "ro_RO", # Romanian - Romania 0x0417: "rm_CH", # Romansh 0x0419: "ru_RU", # Russian 0x243b: "smn_FI",# Sami Finland 0x103b: "smj_NO",# Sami Norway 0x143b: "smj_SE",# Sami Sweden 0x043b: "se_NO", # Sami Northern Norway 0x083b: "se_SE", # Sami Northern Sweden 0x0c3b: "se_FI", # Sami Northern Finland 0x203b: "sms_FI",# Sami Skolt 0x183b: "sma_NO",# Sami Southern Norway 0x1c3b: "sma_SE",# Sami Southern Sweden 0x044f: "sa_IN", # Sanskrit 0x0c1a: "sr_SP", # Serbian - Cyrillic 0x1c1a: "sr_BA", # Serbian - Bosnia Cyrillic 0x081a: "sr_SP", # Serbian - Latin 0x181a: "sr_BA", # Serbian - Bosnia Latin 0x045b: "si_LK", # Sinhala - Sri Lanka 0x046c: "ns_ZA", # Northern Sotho 0x0432: "tn_ZA", # Setswana - Southern Africa 0x041b: "sk_SK", # Slovak 0x0424: "sl_SI", # Slovenian 0x040a: "es_ES", # Spanish - Spain 0x080a: "es_MX", # Spanish - Mexico 0x0c0a: "es_ES", # Spanish - Spain (Modern) 0x100a: "es_GT", # Spanish - Guatemala 0x140a: "es_CR", # Spanish - Costa Rica 0x180a: "es_PA", # Spanish - Panama 0x1c0a: "es_DO", # Spanish - Dominican Republic 0x200a: "es_VE", # Spanish - Venezuela 0x240a: "es_CO", # Spanish - Colombia 0x280a: "es_PE", # Spanish - Peru 0x2c0a: "es_AR", # Spanish - Argentina 0x300a: "es_EC", # Spanish - Ecuador 0x340a: "es_CL", # Spanish - Chile 0x380a: "es_UR", # Spanish - Uruguay 0x3c0a: "es_PY", # Spanish - Paraguay 0x400a: "es_BO", # Spanish - Bolivia 0x440a: "es_SV", # Spanish - El Salvador 0x480a: "es_HN", # Spanish - Honduras 0x4c0a: "es_NI", # Spanish - Nicaragua 0x500a: "es_PR", # Spanish - Puerto Rico 0x540a: "es_US", # Spanish - United States # 0x0430: "", # Sutu - Not supported 0x0441: "sw_KE", # Swahili 0x041d: "sv_SE", # Swedish - Sweden 0x081d: "sv_FI", # Swedish - Finland 0x045a: "syr_SY",# Syriac 0x0428: "tg_TJ", # Tajik - Cyrillic 0x085f: "tmz_DZ",# Tamazight - Latin 0x0449: "ta_IN", # Tamil 0x0444: "tt_RU", # Tatar 0x044a: "te_IN", # Telugu 0x041e: "th_TH", # Thai 0x0851: "bo_BT", # Tibetan - Bhutan 0x0451: "bo_CN", # Tibetan - PRC 0x041f: "tr_TR", # Turkish 0x0442: "tk_TM", # Turkmen - Cyrillic 0x0480: "ug_CN", # Uighur - Arabic 0x0422: "uk_UA", # Ukrainian 0x042e: "wen_DE",# Upper Sorbian - Germany 0x0420: "ur_PK", # Urdu 0x0820: "ur_IN", # Urdu - India 0x0443: "uz_UZ", # Uzbek - Latin 0x0843: "uz_UZ", # Uzbek - Cyrillic 0x042a: "vi_VN", # Vietnamese 0x0452: "cy_GB", # Welsh 0x0488: "wo_SN", # Wolof - Senegal 0x0434: "xh_ZA", # Xhosa - South Africa 0x0485: "sah_RU",# Yakut - Cyrillic 0x0478: "ii_CN", # Yi - PRC 0x046a: "yo_NG", # Yoruba - Nigeria 0x0435: "zu_ZA", # Zulu } def _print_locale(): """ Test function. """ categories = {} def _init_categories(categories=categories): for k,v in globals().items(): if k[:3] == 'LC_': categories[k] = v _init_categories() del categories['LC_ALL'] print('Locale defaults as determined by getdefaultlocale():') print('-'*72) lang, enc = getdefaultlocale() print('Language: ', lang or '(undefined)') print('Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)') print() print('Locale settings on startup:') print('-'*72) for name,category in categories.items(): print(name, '...') lang, enc = getlocale(category) print(' Language: ', lang or '(undefined)') print(' Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)') print() try: setlocale(LC_ALL, "") except: print('NOTE:') print('setlocale(LC_ALL, "") does not support the default locale') print('given in the OS environment variables.') else: print() print('Locale settings after calling setlocale(LC_ALL, ""):') print('-'*72) for name,category in categories.items(): print(name, '...') lang, enc = getlocale(category) print(' Language: ', lang or '(undefined)') print(' Encoding: ', enc or '(undefined)') print() ### try: LC_MESSAGES except NameError: pass else: __all__.append("LC_MESSAGES") if __name__=='__main__': print('Locale aliasing:') print() _print_locale() print() print('Number formatting:') print() _test()