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dd
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dd-about = 复制并可选地转换文件系统资源 dd-usage = dd [操作]... dd 选项 dd-error-failed-to-open = 打开 { $path } 失败 dd-error-write-error = 写入错误 dd-error-failed-to-seek = 在输出文件中寻址 (seek) 失败 dd-error-io-error = IO 错误 dd-error-cannot-skip-offset = "{ $file }": 无法跳至指定偏移量 dd-error-cannot-skip-invalid = "{ $file }": 无法跳过 (skip): 无效的参数 dd-after-help = ### 操作 - bs=字节数 : 一次读取和写入的字节数（默认：512）； 会覆盖 ibs 和 obs 的值。 - cbs=字节数 : 一次转换的字节数。应用到 conv=block 与 conv=unblock 操作。 - conv=转换 : 以逗号分隔的转换选项列表列表或 （出于兼容性考虑）文件标志。 - count=N : 只复制 N 个输入块，而不是持续到文件末尾。 若需在达到N字节后停止，请查看 flag=count_bytes - ibs=字节数 : 一次读取的字节数（默认：512） - if=FILE : the file used for input. When not specified, stdin is used instead - iflag=FLAGS : a comma-separated list of input flags which specify how the input source is treated. FLAGS may be any of the input-flags or general-flags specified below. - skip=N (or iseek=N) : skip N ibs-sized records into input before beginning copy/convert operations. See iflag=seek_bytes if seeking N bytes is preferred. - obs=字节数 : 一次写入的字节数（默认：512） - of=FILE : the file used for output. When not specified, stdout is used instead - oflag=FLAGS : comma separated list of output flags which specify how the output source is treated. FLAGS may be any of the output flags or general flags specified below - seek=N (or oseek=N) : seeks N obs-sized records into output before beginning copy/convert operations. See oflag=seek_bytes if seeking N bytes is preferred - status=LEVEL : controls whether volume and performance stats are written to stderr. When unspecified, dd will print stats upon completion. An example is below. ```plain 输入了 6+0 块记录 输出了 16+0 块记录 8192 字节 (8.2 kB, 8.0 KiB) 已复制，0.00057009 s，14.4 MB/s ``` The first two lines are the 'volume' stats and the final line is the 'performance' stats. The volume stats indicate the number of complete and partial ibs-sized reads, or obs-sized writes that took place during the copy. The format of the volume stats is <complete>+<partial>. If records have been truncated (see conv=block), the volume stats will contain the number of truncated records. Possible LEVEL values are: - progress : Print periodic performance stats as the copy proceeds. - noxfer : Print final volume stats, but not performance stats. - none : Do not print any stats. Printing performance stats is also triggered by the INFO signal (where supported), or the USR1 signal. Setting the POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable to any value (including an empty value) will cause the USR1 signal to be ignored. ### Conversion Options - ascii : convert from EBCDIC to ASCII. This is the inverse of the ebcdic option. Implies conv=unblock. - ebcdic : convert from ASCII to EBCDIC. This is the inverse of the ascii option. Implies conv=block. - ibm : convert from ASCII to EBCDIC, applying the conventions for [, ] and ~ specified in POSIX. Implies conv=block. - ucase : convert from lower-case to upper-case. - lcase : converts from upper-case to lower-case. - block : for each newline less than the size indicated by cbs=BYTES, remove the newline and pad with spaces up to cbs. Lines longer than cbs are truncated. - unblock : for each block of input of the size indicated by cbs=BYTES, remove right-trailing spaces and replace with a newline character. - sparse : attempts to seek the output when an obs-sized block consists of only zeros. - swab : swaps each adjacent pair of bytes. If an odd number of bytes is present, the final byte is omitted. - sync : pad each ibs-sided block with zeros. If block or unblock is specified, pad with spaces instead. - excl : the output file must be created. Fail if the output file is already present. - nocreat : the output file will not be created. Fail if the output file in not already present. - notrunc : the output file will not be truncated. If this option is not present, output will be truncated when opened. - noerror : all read errors will be ignored. If this option is not present, dd will only ignore Error::Interrupted. - fdatasync : data will be written before finishing. - fsync : data and metadata will be written before finishing. ### Input flags - count_bytes : a value to count=N will be interpreted as bytes. - skip_bytes : a value to skip=N will be interpreted as bytes. - fullblock : wait for ibs bytes from each read. zero-length reads are still considered EOF. ### Output flags - append : open file in append mode. Consider setting conv=notrunc as well. - seek_bytes : a value to seek=N will be interpreted as bytes. ### General Flags - direct : use direct I/O for data. - directory : fail unless the given input (if used as an iflag) or output (if used as an oflag) is a directory. - dsync : use synchronized I/O for data. - sync : use synchronized I/O for data and metadata. - nonblock : use non-blocking I/O. - noatime : do not update access time. - nocache : request that OS drop cache. - noctty : do not assign a controlling tty. - nofollow : do not follow system links.